France defends inclusion strategy amid political exclusions in the Sahel
Context of the Africa Forward summit
During a recent Africa Forward summit hosted by French President Emmanuel Macron, diplomats and observers noted the absence of several West African heads of state. The gathering, held in Paris in June 2024, aimed to strengthen economic partnerships, security cooperation, and cultural exchange between France and the African continent. Some analysts questioned whether the missing delegations signaled a decline in West Africa’s representation at high‑level forums.
Macron’s response to allegations of sidelining West Africa
President Macron dismissed the notion that West Africa was being marginalised. He stressed that the region remains a cornerstone of France’s diplomatic agenda and pointed to the participation of leaders from key West African nations.
“The greatest leaders of West Africa will be here,” Macron said, noting the presence of presidents from Senegal, Côte d’Ivoire, Gabon, and the Democratic Republic of Congo, among others. He argued that their attendance demonstrates continued engagement despite the political turbulence affecting a few neighbouring states.
Exclusion of three Sahel states and justification
Macron acknowledged that three Sahel countries—Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger—were not officially represented at the summit. Their exclusion stems from recent military takeovers that have disrupted constitutional governance and led to suspensions by regional bodies such as ECOWAS and the African Union.
He expressed regret over the situation, explaining that the military authorities in those countries have chosen to distance themselves from collective regional initiatives. “You have three countries, and I regret this, that because of the coup and the behavior of the military authorities in charge have decided to exclude them from the rest of the group, alongside ECOWAS and others,” Macron stated.
Engagement with civil society despite political rifts
While official government participation from the three Sahel states is limited, Macron emphasized that France continues to dialogue with broader societal actors. He highlighted outreach to intellectuals, artists, entrepreneurs, and academics from Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger, who remain involved in summit‑related workshops and cultural programs.
“We may disagree with some of these governments, but we never disagree with the people,” Macron affirmed, underscoring France’s commitment to maintaining people‑to‑people ties even when official channels are strained.
Implications for France‑West Africa relations
The exchange at the Africa Forward summit illustrates the evolving dynamics of France’s engagement with West Africa. Coups, regional suspensions, and shifting alliances have compelled Paris to adapt its diplomatic toolkit—balancing high‑level state engagement with sustained civil society interaction.
Observers suggest that this dual approach may help preserve influence in a region where traditional partnerships are being renegotiated. By keeping dialogue open with both governmental leaders (where possible) and popular sectors, France aims to navigate the complex political landscape while upholding its strategic interests in West Africa.
